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For years, enabling Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) has been a cornerstone of account and device security. While MFA remains essential, the threat landscape has evolved, making some older methods less effective. The most common form of MFA, four- or six-digit codes sent via SMS, is convenient and familiar, and it’s certainly better than relying on passwords alone. However, SMS is an outdated technology, and cybercriminals have developed reliable ways to bypass it. For organisations handling sensitive data, SMS-based MFA is no longer sufficient. It’s time to adopt the next generation of phishing-resistant MFA to stay ahead of today’s attackers. SMS was never intended to serve as a secure authentication channel. Its reliance on cellular networks exposes it to security flaws, particularly in telecommunication protocols such as Signaling System No. 7 (SS7), used for communication between networks. Attackers know that many businesses still use SMS for MFA, which makes them appealing targets. For instance, hackers can exploit SS7 vulnerabilities to intercept text messages without touching your phone. Techniques such as eavesdropping, message redirection, and message injection can be carried out within the carrier network or during over-the-air transmission. SMS codes are also vulnerable to phishing. If a user enters their username, password, and SMS code on a fake login page, attackers can capture all three in real time and immediately gain access the legitimate account. Understanding SIM Swapping Attacks One of the most dangerous threats to SMS-based security is the SIM swap. In SIM swapping attacks, a criminal contacts your mobile carrier pretending to be you and claims to have lost their phone. They then request the support staff to port your number to a new blank SIM card in their possession. If they succeed, your phone goes offline, allowing them to receive all calls and SMS messages, including MFA codes for banking and email. Without knowing your password, they can quickly reset credentials and gain full access to your accounts. This attack doesn’t depend on advanced hacking skills; instead, it exploits social engineering tactics against mobile carrier support staff, making it a low-tech method with high‑impact consequences. Why Phishing-Resistant MFA Is the New Gold Standard To prevent these attacks, it’s essential to remove the human element from authentication by using phishing-resistant MFA. This approach relies on secure cryptographic protocols that tie login attempts to specific domains. One of the more prominent standards used for such authentication is Fast Identity Online 2 (FIDO2) open standard, that uses passkeys created using public key cryptography linking a specific device to a domain. Even if a user is tricked into clicking a phishing link, their authenticator application will not release the credentials because the domain does not match the specific record. The technology is also passwordless, which removes the threat of phishing attacks that capture credentials and one-time passwords (OTPs). Hackers are forced to target the endpoint device itself, which is far more difficult than deceiving users. Implementing Hardware Security Keys Perhaps one of the strongest phishing-resistant authentication solutions involves hardware security keys. Hardware security keys are physical devices resembling a USB drive, which can be plugged into a computer or tapped against a mobile device. To log in, you simply insert the key into the computer or touch a button, and the key performs a cryptographic handshake with the service. This method is quite secure since there are no codes to type, and attackers can’t steal your key over the internet. Unless they physically steal the key from you, they cannot access your account. Mobile Authentication Apps and Push Notifications If physical keys are not feasible for your business, mobile authenticator apps such as Microsoft or Google Authenticator are a step up from SMS MFA. These apps generate codes locally on the device, eliminating the risk of SIM swapping or SMS interception since the codes are not sent over a cellular network. Simple push notifications also carry risks. For example, attackers may flood a user’s phone with repeated login approval requests, causing “ MFA fatigue,” where a frustrated or confused user taps “approve” just to stop the notifications. Modern authenticator apps address this with “number matching,” requiring the user to enter a number shown on their login screen into the app. This ensures the person approving the login is physically present at their computer. Passkeys: The Future of Authentication With passwords being routinely compromised, modern systems are embracing passkeys, which are digital credentials stored on a device and protected by biometrics such as fingerprint or Face ID. Passkeys are phishing-resistant and can be synchronised across your ecosystem, such as iCloud Keychain or Google Password Manager. They offer the security of a hardware key with the convenience of a device that you already carry. Passkeys reduce the workload for IT support, as there are no passwords to store, reset, or manage. They simplify the user experience while strengthening security. Balancing Security With User Experience Moving away from SMS-based MFA requires a cultural shift. Since users are already used to the universality and convenience of text messages, the introduction of physical keys and authenticator apps can trigger resistance. It’s important to explain the reasoning behind the change, highlighting the realities of SIM-swapping attacks and the value of the protected information. When users understand the risks, they are more likely to embrace the new measures. While a phased rollout can help ease the transition for the general user base, phishing-resistant MFA should be mandatory for privileged accounts. Administrators and executives must not rely on SMS-based MFA. The Costs of Inaction Sticking with legacy MFA techniques is a ticking time bomb that gives a false sense of security. While it may satisfy compliance requirements, it leaves systems vulnerable to attacks and breaches, which can be both costly and embarrassing. Upgrading your authentication methods offers one of the highest returns on investment in cybersecurity. The cost of hardware keys or management software is minimal compared to the expense of incident response and data recovery. Is your business ready to move beyond passwords and text codes? We specialise in deploying modern identity solutions that keep your data safe without frustrating your team. Reach out, and we’ll help you implement a secure and user-friendly authentication strategy.

The phone rings, and it’s your boss. The voice is unmistakable; with the same flow and tone you’ve come to expect. They’re asking for a favour: an urgent bank transfer to lock in a new vendor contract, or sensitive client information that’s strictly confidential. Everything about the call feels normal, and your trust kicks in immediately. It’s hard to say no to your boss, and so you begin to act. What if this isn’t really your boss on the other end? What if every inflection, every word you think you recognise has been perfectly mimicked by a cybercriminal? In seconds, a routine call could turn into a costly mistake; money gone, data compromised, and consequences that ripple far beyond the office. What was once the stuff of science fiction is now a real threat for businesses. Cybercriminals have moved beyond poorly written phishing emails to sophisticated AI voice cloning scams, signalling a new and alarming evolution in corporate fraud. How AI Voice Cloning Scams Are Changing the Threat Landscape We have spent years learning how to spot suspicious emails by looking for misspelled domains, odd grammar, and unsolicited attachments. Yet we haven’t trained our ears to question the voices of people we know, and that’s exactly what AI voice cloning scams exploit. Attackers only need a few seconds of audio to replicate a person’s voice, and they can easily acquire this from press releases, news interviews, presentations, and social media posts. Once they obtain the voice samples, attackers use widely available AI tools to create models capable of saying anything they type. The barrier to entry for these attacks is surprisingly low. AI tools have proliferated in recent years, covering applications from text and audio, to video creation and coding. A scammer doesn’t need to be a programming expert to impersonate your CEO, they only need a recording and a script. The Evolution of Business Email Compromise Traditionally, business email compromise (BEC) involved compromising a legitimate email account through techniques like phishing and spoofing a domain to trick employees into sending money or confidential information. BEC scams relied heavily on text-based deception, which could be easily countered using email and spam filters. While these attacks are still prevalent, they are becoming harder to pull off as email filters improve. Voice cloning, however, lowers your guard by adding a touch of urgency and trust that emails cannot match. While you can sit back and check email headers and a sender’s IP address before responding, when your boss is on the phone sounding stressed, your immediate instinct is to help. “Vishing” (voice phishing) uses AI voice cloning to bypass the various technical safeguards built around email and even voice-based verification systems. Attackers target the human element directly by creating high-pressure situations where the victim feels they must act fast to save the day. Why Does It Work? Voice cloning scams succeed because they manipulate organisational hierarchies and social norms. Most employees are conditioned to say “yes” to leadership, and few feel they can challenge a direct request from a senior executive. Attackers take advantage of this, often making calls right before weekends or holidays to increase pressure and reduce the victim’s ability to verify the request. More importantly, the technology can convincingly replicate emotional cues such as anger, desperation, or fatigue. It is this emotional manipulation that disrupts logical thinking. Challenges in Audio Deepfake Detection Detecting a fake voice is far more difficult than spotting a fraudulent email. Few tools currently exist for real-time audio deepfake detection, and human ears are unreliable, as the brain often fills in gaps to make sense of what we hear. That said, there are some common tell-tale signs, such as the voice sounding slightly robotic or having digital artifacts when saying complex words. Other subtle signs you can listen for include unnatural breathing patterns, weird background noise, or personal cues such as how a particular person greets you. Depending on human detection is an unreliable approach, as technological improvements will eventually eliminate these detectable flaws. Instead, procedural checks should be implemented to verify authenticity. Why Cybersecurity Awareness Training Must Evolve Many corporate training programs remain outdated, focusing primarily on password hygiene and link checking. Modern cybersecurity awareness must also address emerging threats like AI. Employees need to understand how easily caller IDs can be spoofed and that a familiar voice is no longer a guarantee of identity. Modern IT security training should include policies and simulations for vishing attacks to test how staff respond under pressure. These trainings should be mandatory for all employees with access to sensitive data, including finance teams, IT administrators, HR professionals, and executive assistants. Establishing Verification Protocols The best defence against voice cloning is a strict verification protocol. Establish a “zero trust” policy for voice-based requests involving money or data. If a request comes in by phone, it must be verified through a secondary channel. For example, if the CEO calls requesting a bank transfer, the employee should hang up and call the CEO back on their internal line or send a message via an encrypted messaging app like Teams or Slack to confirm. Some companies are also implementing challenge-response phrases and “safe words” known only by specific personnel. If the caller cannot provide or respond to the phrase, the request is immediately declined. The Future of Identity Verification We are entering an era where digital identity is fluid. As AI voice cloning scams evolve, we may see a renewed emphasis on in-person verification for high-value transactions and the adoption of cryptographic signatures for voice communications. Until technology catches up, a strong verification process is your best defence. Slow down transaction approvals, as scammers rely on speed and panic. Introducing deliberate pauses and verification steps disrupts their workflow. Securing Your Organisation Against Synthetic Threats The threat of deepfakes extends beyond financial loss. It can lead to reputational damage, stock price volatility, and legal liability. A recording of a CEO making offensive comments could go viral before the company can prove it is a fake. Organisations need a crisis communication plan that specifically addresses deepfakes since voice phishing is just the beginning. As AI tools become multimodal, we will likely see real-time video deepfakes joining these voice scams, and you will need to know how to prove that a recording is false to the press and public. Waiting until an incident occurs means you will already be too late. Does your organisation have the right protocols to stop a deepfake attack? We help businesses assess their vulnerabilities and build resilient verification processes that protect their assets without slowing down operations. Contact us today to secure your communications against the next generation of fraud.